编者按:本微信平台将持续推介华东师范大学教育学部师生近期在主要学术刊物上发表的部分学术论文,以促进教育学界同仁积极健康的学术交流、对话与批评。
陈红燕 等:Discontinuous learning through destructive experiences: A ‘change’ approach to catastrophe education in eco-pedagogy
Despite the dramatic traumas and enormous physical losses associated with many catastrophes, it is undeniable that catastrophes also function as dynamic powers that drive the development and transformation of society and individuals in unpredicted and unlimited ways. However, there is paucity of research on the agent aspect of catastrophe in the eco-pedagogy literature. This article addresses this gap by reconceptualizing the possibility of uncertain disasters in building individual human capacity within the framework of the Chinese ‘change’ philosophy. Recognizing that tien-ren-he-yi (i.e., the harmony between humanity and nature) is the tagline of Chinese ecological philosophy, we further argue that such harmony can only be achieved with an understanding of the philosophy of ‘change’. As a form of devastating, emotional, irrational, systematic, and usually irreversible movements, catastrophes may trigger change at the creative level, which goes beyond the repetitive ‘cyclic’ motion. Such transformative characteristics of catastrophes elicit new forms of learning that are defined by discontinuity and resilience. Contemporary catastrophe education can encourage successive generations in their shaping of a symbiotic model rather than a more confining framework, thus involving human beings and the environment by thinking beyond the limits of instrumental approaches or problem solving.
杜明峰 等:学校治理的实践建构与制度安排
作为教育治理在学校层面的实践,学校治理表达了民主参与、教育品质和学生发展的期待,同时也提出了重构学校系统和学校生态的实践诉求。中国语境下的学校治理,不仅吸收了西方教育的理智资源,也深深地根植于我国传统的国家观念和教育改革开放的实践探索。诉诸这一语境,学校应该从价值、结构、机制、环境和效能等方面进行理念、方式和事实的转型,实现学校系统的重新架构。从学校治理的指向性出发,应该建立动态化的赋权增能机制、生态化的参与协商机制和常态化的监督问责机制。
冷静 等:批判性思维真的可教吗?——基于79篇实验或准实验研究的元分析
批判性思维已成为21世纪人才必备的重要能力之一。关于批判性思维是否真的可教在学界一直存在争议。本研究选取79篇国内外实验或准实验研究文献为研究对象,采用元分析方法探究批判性思维的可教性。结果表明,所有学科领域和教育阶段都有提升学生批判性思维(包括技能和倾向)的有效教学策略。本研究从学科、学段、实验周期、实验人数、技术介入、国家区域和测评方式等方面探究批判性思维教学效果的差异。值得注意的是:1)批判性思维教学效果在不同学科差异显著,其中数学学科的效果最好;2)高中阶段开展批判性思维教学的效果最佳;3)批判性思维教学的周期越长,提升效果越好;4)教学干预在不同实验人数上具有同等的影响效果;5)有无技术介入对学生批判性思维的提升不存在显著差异;6)东西方国家的批判性思维教学效果存在显著差异;7)相较于标准化测试,自编工具测得的批判性思维能力的提升更明显。本研究采用元分析方法定量地综合了近十年的批判性思维实证研究,期待它能对未来批判性思维的培养提供启示。